Answered

The ammonia molecule (NH3) has a dipole moment of 5.0×10?30C?m. Ammonia molecules in the gas phase are placed in a uniform electric field E? with magnitude 1.8×106 N/C .At what absolute temperature T is the average translational kinetic energy 32kT of a molecule equal to the change in potential energy calculated in part (a)? (Note: Above this temperature, thermal agitation prevents the dipoles from aligning with the electric field.)

Answer :

Explanation:

Formula for change in the potential energy of the ammonia molecule is  as follows.

               U = [tex]p \times E[/tex]

Here, dipole moment is p and electric field is E.

Putting [tex]5.0 \times 10^{-30} C m[/tex] for p and [tex]1.8 \times 10^{6} N/C[/tex] for E in the above equation is as follows.

              U = [tex]p \times E[/tex]

                  = [tex]5.0 \times 10^{-30} C m \times 1.8 \times 10^{6} N/C[/tex]

                  = [tex]9.0 \times 10^{-24} N m \times J/ 1 N m[/tex]

                  = [tex]9.0 \times 10^{-24} J[/tex]

Therefore, we can conclude that the change in the potential energy of the ammonia molecule is [tex]9.0 \times 10^{-24} J[/tex].

Other Questions