Answered

Through what voltage must an αα-particle, with its charge of +2e+2e, be accelerated so that it has just enough energy to reach a distance of 1.5×10−14 mm from the surface of a gold nucleus? (Assume the gold nucleus remains stationary and can be treated as a point charge.)

Answer :

Answer:5101.35v

Explanation:

Radius of gold nucleus=7.3×10-15m and a charge of +79e

Q= 79e

e=1.6×10^-19

q= +2e

The nucleus is considered as the point charge where the potential energy between the charges are

U = 1/(4×3.142×Eo)×(qQ)/r

Where r is distance between the charges and the nucleus

r=R+d

V=U/q

U= 1/(4×3.142×Eo)×Q/r

V= 1/(4×3.142×Eo)×Q/(r+d)

9.0×10^9 ×(79×10^-19)/(7.3×10^-15)+(1.5×10^-14)

V= 9.0×10^9 ×(1.264×10^-17)/(2.23×10^-14)

V= 9×10^9×(5.67×10^-14)= 5101.35v

A potential difference of 7584 V is required to accelerate an α-particle so that it has just enough energy to reach a distance of 1.5×10⁻¹⁴mm from the surface of a gold nucleus.

Potential difference:

The gold nucleus has a radius of R = 7.3×10⁻¹⁵m and a charge of Q = +79e

The alpha particle has a charge of q = +2e

The electric potential energy is given by:

[tex]U=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_o}\frac{qQ}{R+d}[/tex]

where d is the distance between the alpha particle and the nucleus of the gold atom =  1.5×10⁻¹⁴m

Potential V is defined as:

V = U/q

[tex]V=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_o}\frac{Q}{R+d}[/tex]

[tex]V=\frac{9.0\times10^9 \times(79\times1.6\times10^{-19})}{(7.3\times10^{-15}+1.5\times10^{-14})}[/tex]

V = 5101 V

So, 5101 Volts of potential difference is required for the alpha particle.

Learn more about electric potential:

https://brainly.com/question/13296426?referrer=searchResults

Other Questions