Using the Brønsted theory, classify the following as either an acid or a base by placing the compound in the correct bin.

Answer : The Bronsted-Lowry theory was not against the Arrhenius theory, rather it was just a modification to the previous theory of acids and bases. Hydroxide ions are considered as bases because they have the tendency to accept hydrogen ions from acids and form water.

An acid was the one which produces hydrogen ions in solution because it reacts with the water molecules by giving a proton to them.

In a nutshell, he described bases as hydrogen acceptor and acids as hydrogen donors.

ardni313 ardni313 · Answer 2 · 2025-03-30T09:29:13-04:00

Acid = donor (giver) proton (H + ion)

Base = acceptor (receiver) proton (H + ion)

Further explanation

Based on Bronsted-Lowry Theory, acid is an ion/molecule that acts as a proton donor (H +) to other ions/molecules. While bases are ions/molecules that act as proton acceptors (H +).

If an acid gives its proton (H +), then the rest of the acid can accept the proton and function as the conjugate base of the acid

Conversely, if a base is a proton acceptor (H +), then the ion/molecule formed can release the proton and function as a conjugate acid from that base. In general, these conjugate acid-base pairs can be described as follows:

Example

NH₃ (aq) + H₂O (l) ------> NH₄ + (aq) + OH– (aq)

Basa Asam Asam Basa

The acid-base conjugate pair is:

NH₃ and NH₄

H₂O and OH-

H₂O as an acid gives a proton to NH₃ so that it becomes NH₄ so that the remaining OH- as its conjugate base

While NH₃ as a base and NH₄ as a conjugate acid

Example 2:

HOCN + H₂O ------> H₃O⁺ + OCN⁻

The conjugate base of HOCN is OCN⁻ because OCN⁻ is the proton acceptor of H⁺ to form HOCN (as an acid)

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Keywords: Bronsted-Lowry Theory, acid, base, proton, donor, acceptor, acid-base conjugate