In drosophila melanogaster, curly wings are dominant to straight wings. straight wings are seen in wild-type flies, while curly wings are the result of a mutant allele. identify the correct combination of genotype and phenotype for this trait.

Answer :

According to the segregation principle and fertilization process, the  genotypes are CC (h0m0zyg0us dominant), Cc (heter0zug0us), or cc (h0m0zyg0us recessive). Phenotypes are curly wings, and  straight wings .

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We know that curly wings is the dominant trait, while straight wings is the recessive one.

We may assume that this is a diallelic gene that expresses complete dominance.

  • C is the dominant allele that codes for curly
  • c is the recessive mutated form that codes for straight

According to the segregation principle, during gametes formation, the dominant and recessive alleles separate.  

When mating, each individual contributes with a gamete. Each gamete carries one of these alleles.

According to the combination of the gametes during fertilization, the genotype of the progeny varies.

If two dominant alleles meet ⇒ CC h0m0zyg0us dominant genotype

                                                    Curly-winged individual

If a dominant allele meets a recessive one ⇒ Cc heter0zyg0us genotype

                                                                           Curly-winged individual

If two recessive alleles meet ⇒ cc h0m0zyg0us recessive genotype

                                                     Straight-winged individual

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