Answer :
The Appellate Court is a court that inspects the cases that were already made in the trial court which would be close to small claims cases. They are also known as a court of appeals. The Supreme Court (of the Untied States) handles cases that involve the federal law, which may include copyrightings, tariffs, and foreign affairs. A circuit court is a trial court that oversees small claims cases and civil cases.
I only know the State Court, so yeah... sorry. But Anyway Among the many protections set in place by the US constitution are limitations on exactly what federal court has jurisdiction over. These protections were established in Article III of the Constitution, and limited the power of the Federal government (and the federal court system). Because the founders of the country wanted to ensure that too much power was not concentrated in a strong federal government, the state courts actually have more rights to hear different cases than the federal courts do. So, the answer to what the different state cases handle is fairly broad- they are courts of "general" jurisdiction and can hear cases that deal with everything that the federal courts don't have an exclusive right to deal with.