Assume that the surface temperature of the lightbulb filament when it is plugged into an outlet of 120 V is about 3000 K and the power rating of the bulb is the electric energy it consumes (not what it radiates). Incandescent lightbulbs usually radiate in visible light about 10% of the electric energy that they consume. Estimate the surface area of a 40-watt lightbulb filament. Express your answer with the appropriate units. A = 8.7×10−7 m2

Answer :

Answer:

A=[tex]8.7\times 10^{-7}m^{2}[/tex]

Explanation:

We have given power =40 W but only 10% of this power is used so actual power [tex]P=\frac{40\times 10}{100}=4 W[/tex]

We know that from Stefan's law [tex]p=\sigma AT^4[/tex] where [tex]\sigma[/tex] is Boltzmann constant which value is [tex]5.6\times 10^{-8}Wm^{-2}K^{-4}[/tex]

So [tex]4=5.67\times 10^{-8}\times A\times 3000^4[/tex]

A=[tex]8.7\times 10^{-7}m^{2}[/tex]

johanrusli

The surface area of the 40-watt lightbulb filamen is about 8.7 × 10⁻⁷ m²

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Further explanation

Let's recall Heat Transfer Rate of Radiation as follows:

[tex]\boxed{P = \sigma A T^4}[/tex]

where:

P = Heat Transfer Rate ( W )

σ = Stefan-Boltzman Constant (  5.67 × 10⁻⁸  W/m²K⁴ )

A = Surface Area ( m² )

T = Temperature ( K )

Let us now tackle the problem!

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Given:

temperature = T = 3000 K

power of lightbulb filament = P_total = 40 W

efficiency of light bulb = η = 10%

heat transfer rate = P = 10% × ( 40 W ) = 4 W

voltage = V = 120 V

Asked:

surface area = A = ?

Solution:

[tex]P = \sigma A T^4[/tex]

[tex]A = P \div ( \sigma T^4 )[/tex]

[tex]A = 4 \div ( 5.67 \times 10^{-8} \times 3000^4 )[/tex]

[tex]\boxed{A \approx 8.7 \times 10^{-7} \texttt{ m}^2}[/tex]

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Conclusion:

The surface area of the 40-watt lightbulb filamen is about 8.7 × 10⁻⁷ m²

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Learn more

  • Efficiency of Engine : https://brainly.com/question/5597682
  • Flow of Heat : https://brainly.com/question/3010079
  • Difference Between Temperature and Heat : https://brainly.com/question/3821712

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Answer details

Grade: College

Subject: Physics

Chapter: Thermal Physics

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